· The brain is composed of three main segments namely: the forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain. The forebrain includes the cerebrum, the thalamus and the hypothalamus. The midbrain is composed of the tegmentum and the tectum. The hindbrain consists The brain is made up of many cells, and is the control centre of the body. The brain flashes messages out to all the other parts of the body. The messages travel in very fine threads called nerves. The nerves and the brain make up a system somewhat like telephone poles carrying wires across the city. This is called the nervous system The Human Brain Essay Words | 5 Pages. The human brain is a big, intricate—yet delicate, structure in the human body. It is the key structure in cognitive function. Any damage to the brain does not only “erase” memories but also may “deceive” the brain to erroneously remember a new object as being familiar ()
An Outstanding Essay Example On Human Brain Nature
By Helen Phillips. A false-colour Magnetic Resonance Image MRI of a mid-sagittal section through the head of a normal 42 year-old woman, showing structures of the brain, spine and facial tissues. The brain is the most complex organ in the human body. It produces our every thought, actionmemoryfeeling and experience of the world, the brain essay.
This jelly-like mass of tissue, the brain essay, weighing in at around 1. The complexity of the connectivity between these cells is mind-boggling. Each neuron can make contact with thousands or even tens of thousands of others, the brain essay, via tiny structures called synapses.
Our brains form a million new connections for every second of our lives. The pattern and strength of the connections is constantly changing and no two brains are alike. It is in these changing connections that memories are stored, habits learned and personalities shapedby reinforcing certain patterns of brain activity, and losing others. The grey matter is the cell bodies of the neurons, while the white matter is the branching network of thread-like tendrils — called dendrites and axons — that spread out from the cell bodies to connect to other neurons.
But the brain also has another, even more numerous type of cell, the brain essay, called glial cells. These outnumber neurons ten times over. Once thought to be support cells, they are now known to amplify neural signals and to be as important as neurons in mental calculations. There are many different types of neuron, only one of which is unique to humans and the other great apes, the brain essay, the so called spindle cells. Brain structure is shaped partly by genesbut largely by experience.
Only relatively recently it was the brain essay that new brain cells are being born throughout our lives — a process called neurogenesis. The brain has bursts of growth and then periods of consolidationwhen excess connections are pruned. The most notable bursts are in the first two or three years of life, during pubertyand also a final burst in young adulthood. How a brain ages also depends on genes and lifestyle too. Exercising the brain and giving it the right diet can be just as important as it is for the rest of the body.
The neurons in our brains communicate in a variety of ways. Signals pass between them by the release and capture of neurotransmitter and neuromodulator chemicals, such as glutamatedopaminethe brain essay, acetylcholinenoradrenalinserotonin and endorphins. Some neurochemicals work in the synapsepassing specific messages from release sites to collection sites, called receptors. Others also spread their influence more widely, like a radio signalmaking whole brain regions more or less sensitive.
These neurochemicals are so important that deficiencies in them are linked to certain diseases, the brain essay. It can also increase susceptibility to addiction because it mediates our sensations of reward and pleasure. Within individual neurons, signals are formed by electrochemical pulses. Collectively, this electrical activity can be detected outside the scalp by an electroencephalogram EEG.
These signals have wave-like patternswhich scientists classify from alpha common while we are relaxing or sleepingthrough to gamma active thought. When this activity goes awry, it is called a seizure.
Some researchers think that synchronising the activity in different brain regions is important in perception. Other ways of imaging brain activity are indirect.
Functional magnetic resonance imaging fMRI or positron emission tomography PET monitor blood flow. MRI scans, computed tomography CT scans and diffusion tensor images DTI use the magnetic signatures of different tissues, X-ray absorption, or the movement of water molecules in those tissues, the brain essay, to image the brain, the brain essay.
These scanning techniques have revealed which parts of the brain are associated with which functions. Examples include activity related to sensationsthe brain essay, movement, libido the brain essay, choicesregretsmotivations and even racism. However, some experts the brain essay that we put too much trust in these results and that they raise privacy issues. Before scanning techniques were common, researchers relied on patients with brain damage caused by strokesthe brain essay, head injuries or illnesses, the brain essay, to determine which brain areas the brain essay required for certain functions.
One famous example was the case of Phineas Gagea 19 th century railroad worker who lost part of the front the brain essay his brain when a 1-metre-long iron pole was blasted through his head during an explosion. He recovered physically, but was left with permanent changes to his personalityshowing for the brain essay first time that specific brain regions are linked to different processes, the brain essay. The most obvious anatomical feature of our brains is the undulating surfac of the cerebrum — the deep clefts are known as sulci and its folds are gyri.
The cerebrum is the largest part of our brain and is largely made up of the the brain essay cerebral hemispheres. It is the most evolutionarily recent brain structure, dealing with more complex cognitive brain activities. It is often said that the right hemisphere is more creative and emotional and the left deals with logic, but the brain essay reality is more complex.
Nonetheless, the sides do have some specialisationsthe brain essay, with the left dealing with speech and languagethe right with spatial and body awareness.
See our Interactive Graphic for more on brain structure. Further anatomical divisions of the cerebral hemispheres are the occipital lobe at the back, devoted to visionthe brain essay, and the parietal lobe above that, dealing with movementposition, orientation and calculation.
Behind the ears and temples lie the temporal the brain essaydealing with sound and speech comprehension and some aspects of memory.
They also deal with complex social emotions such as regretmorality and empathy. Another way to classify the regions is as sensory cortex and motor cortexcontrolling incoming information, and outgoing behaviour respectively. Below the cerebral hemispheres, but still referred to as part of the forebrain, is the cingulate cortexwhich deals with directing behaviour and pain, the brain essay. And beneath this lies the corpus callosumwhich connects the two sides of the brain.
Other important areas of the forebrain are the basal gangliaresponsible the brain essay movementmotivation and reward. Beneath the forebrain lie more primitive brain regions.
The limbic systemcommon to all mammals, deals with urges and appetites. Emotions are most closely linked with structures called the amygdalacaudate nucleus and putamen. Also in the limbic brain are the hippocampus — vital for forming new memories; the thalamus — a kind of sensory relay station; and the hypothalamuswhich regulates bodily functions via hormone release from the pituitary gland. The back of the brain has a highly convoluted and folded swelling called the cerebellumwhich stores patterns of movement, habits and repeated tasks the brain essay things we can do without thinking about them.
The most primitive parts, the midbrain and brain stemcontrol the bodily functions we have no conscious control of, such as breathingheart rate, blood pressure, sleep patternsand so on.
They also control signals that pass between the brain and the rest of the body, through the spinal cord. Though we have discovered an enormous amount about the brain, huge and crucial mysteries remain.
One of the most important is how does the brain produces our conscious experiences? But our conscious thoughts, sensations and perceptions — what define us as humans — cannot yet be explained in terms of brain activity. Trending Latest Video Free. Science with Sam: What is ASMR? Thrilling hints of elusive dark matter particles are starting to fade An unhackable quantum internet comes with tough privacy questions Eye-tracking software could make video calls feel more lifelike The human genome has finally been completely sequenced after 20 years.
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, time: 3:26Introduction: The Human Brain | New Scientist
This essay focuses on the parts and functions of human brain in addition to the ongoing research on the newly discovered parts of the brain. Although medical experts are aware of a large number of parts and functions of the brain, some astounding new discoveries are made after short intervals. For example, there is an ongoing research on ‘mirror neurons’ which have been termed as the part of the brain · Essay On Brain And The Brain as, thinking, emotions, memories and so forth are controlled by the brain. It serves as a central nervous system in the human body. The mind is the intellect/consciousness that originates in the human brain and manifests itself in emotions, thoughts, perceptions and so forth · The brain is formed of two types of nervous tissue, Grey matter on the outer side and White matter on the inner side. The former is made of non-medullated nerve cells whereas the latter is formed of medullated nerve cells. The brain or encephalon is a white, bilaterally symmetrical blogger.comted Reading Time: 8 mins
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